Classic Article On Central Nervous System Infection: How Group B Streptococci Cross The Blood Brain Barrier?

Neurology Is An Interdisciplinary Subject, And Its Research Has Made Significant Progress In Recent Decades. In Pasteur Institute, Many Research Projects Related To The Brain Have Been Carried Out, Such As Degenerative Diseases, Memory, Brain Connectivity Or Sensory Defects& Nbsp; Central Nervous System Infection Is A Devastating Disease With High Mortality. Even The Survivors Have Long-term Neurological Dysfunction. They May Be Caused By Various Pathogenic Microorganisms - Bacteria, Fungi Or Viruses. One Common Feature Of All These Pathogens Is That They Can Pass Through A Major Protective Barrier In The Brain, The Blood Brain Barrier. Human Brain Endothelial Cell HBMEC (product No.: ACBRI 376) And Human Pericerebral Cell (product No.: ACBRI 498) Of Cell Systems Are Often Used In The Experiment Of Blood Brain Barrier. Scientists From The Pasteur Institute In Paris And The Pasteur Institute In Athens Have Developed A New Infection Model To Clarify The Mechanism Of These Neurotropic Pathogens Entering The Brain Through Blood& Nbsp; The Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Is Composed Of All The Blood Vessel Walls That Irrigate The Brain. These Cell Walls Have Special Filtering Properties That Enable Them To Regulate The Substances Entering The Brain. They Act Like A Double-edged Sword, Protecting The Brain From Harmful Substances And Preventing Therapeutic Molecules From Entering The Brain. Billel Benmimoun Is The Main Author Of This Study And A Scientist Of The Brain Plastic Environment Response Group Led By Pauline Speder Of The Pasteur Institute. He Explained, "It Is Very Important To Understand How Some Microorganisms Obtain The Ability To Cross This Barrier, Which Not Only Helps To Find Ways To Stop Them, But Also Helps To Use Their Strategies To Deliver Therapeutic Substances To The Brain."; Using The Vinegar Fly Model To Study The Blood Brain Barrier, The Team Of Scientists Developed An Innovative Model To Study How Pathogens Cross The Blood Brain Barrier And Its Impact On Brain Health. This Model Uses The Vinegar Fly (or Fruit Fly), A Powerful Genetic Tool. It Is Unique In That It Combines The Structural Integrity, High Analytical Potential And Experimental Simplicity Of BBB Of Blood Brain Barrier. Using This Model, Scientists Can Observe And Study The Blood Brain Barrier Of A Complete Developing Brain, Which Has Been Proved To Be Sensitive To Various Known Pathogens That Cause Human Central Nervous System Infection, Including Meningococcus, Pneumococcus And Group B Streptococcus& Nbsp; Lipoprotein Blr Allows Group B Streptococci To Cross The Blood-brain Barrier. This Model Enables Scientists To Determine A New Brain Entry Mechanism Used By Group B Streptococci. Group B Streptococci Are The Bacteria That Cause Most Cases Of Neonatal Meningitis. They Found A Bacterial Factor, Lipoprotein Blr, On The Surface Of These Bacteria. Lipoprotein Binds To Receptors In The Blood-brain Barrier, Allowing Bacteria To Enter The Blood-brain Barrier Through Endocytosis. Bacteria Use Receptors Like Trojan Horses To Cross The Barrier And Hijack Their Physiological Functions To Reach The Brain& Nbsp; The Role Of Blr In Brain Invasion Of Mice Has Been Confirmed. The Scientists Cooperated With The Team Led By Rebecca Matsas Of Pasteur Institute In Greece, And Also Proved That The Invasion Mechanism Shown In Fruit Flies Is Conservative In Mice. In Particular, The Absence Of Blr Completely Prevented The Mortality Of Group B Streptococcal Infection. Considering The Existence Of Similar Receptors On The Human Blood Brain Barrier, This Brain Entry Mechanism Used By Group B Streptococcus Is A Promising Therapeutic Target& Nbsp; The Original Model Developed By Scientists Represents A New Way To Understand The Cellular And Molecular Mechanisms By Which Pathogenic Factors Enter The Brain. In The Long Run, This Model Can Pave The Way For A New Treatment Method To Block Or Promote The Brain Blood Brain Barrier To Enter The Brain.